Спряжение глагола «to sit» (Английский язык)
Глагол to sit – неправильный глагол в английском языке, в переводе на русский означает: сидеть; сажать, усаживать;; вмещать; быть рассчитанным на.
Infinitive | to sit |
---|---|
Simple past | sat |
Past participle | sat |
-s | sits |
-ing | sitting |
Sit in present simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He does not sit
She does not sit
It does not sit
Вопрос
Does he sit?
Does she sit?
Does it sit?
Sit in present continuous
Утверждение
He is sitting
She is sitting
It is sitting
Отрицание
He is not sitting
She is not sitting
It is not sitting
Вопрос
Is he sitting?
Is she sitting?
Is it sitting?
Sit in present perfect
Утверждение
He has sat
She has sat
It has sat
Отрицание
He has not sat
She has not sat
It has not sat
Вопрос
Has he sat?
Has she sat?
Has it sat?
Sit in present perfect continuous
Утверждение
He has been sitting
She has been sitting
It has been sitting
Отрицание
You have not been sitting
He has not been sitting
She has not been sitting
It has not been sitting
You have not been sitting
They have not been sitting
Вопрос
Has he been sitting?
Has she been sitting?
Has it been sitting?
Sit in past simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He did not sit
She did not sit
It did not sit
Вопрос
Did he sit?
Did she sit?
Did it sit?
Sit in past continuous
Утверждение
He was sitting
She was sitting
It was sitting
Отрицание
He was not sitting
She was not sitting
It was not sitting
Вопрос
Was he sitting?
Was she sitting?
Was it sitting?
Sit in past perfect
Утверждение
He had sat
She had sat
It had sat
Отрицание
He had not sat
She had not sat
It had not sat
Вопрос
Had he sat?
Had she sat?
Had it sat?
Sit in past perfect continuous
Утверждение
He had been sitting
She had been sitting
It had been sitting
Отрицание
He had not been sitting
She had not been sitting
It had not been sitting
They had not been sitting
Вопрос
Had he been sitting?
Had she been sitting?
Had it been sitting?
Sit in future simple
Утверждение
He will sit
She will sit
It will sit
Отрицание
He will not sit
She will not sit
It will not sit
Вопрос
Will he sit?
Will she sit?
Will it sit?
Sit in future continuous
Утверждение
He will be sitting
She will be sitting
It will be sitting
Отрицание
He will not be sitting
She will not be sitting
It will not be sitting
Вопрос
Will he be sitting?
Will she be sitting?
Will it be sitting?
Sit in future perfect
Утверждение
He will have sat
She will have sat
It will have sat
Отрицание
He will not have sat
She will not have sat
It will not have sat
Вопрос
Will he have sat?
Will she have sat?
Will it have sat?
Sit in future perfect continuous
Утверждение
You will have been sitting
He will have been sitting
She will have been sitting
It will have been sitting
We will have been sitting
You will have been sitting
They will have been sitting
Отрицание
I will not have been sitting
You will not have been sitting
He will not have been sitting
She will not have been sitting
It will not have been sitting
We will not have been sitting
You will not have been sitting
They will not have been sitting
Вопрос
Will you have been sitting?
Will he have been sitting?
Will she have been sitting?
Will it have been sitting?
Will we have been sitting?
Will you have been sitting?
Will they have been sitting?
Sit in conditional present
Утверждение
He would sit
She would sit
It would sit
Отрицание
He would not sit
She would not sit
It would not sit
Вопрос
Would he sit?
Would she sit?
Would it sit?
Sit in conditional present progressive
Утверждение
He would be sitting
She would be sitting
It would be sitting
Отрицание
He would not be sitting
She would not be sitting
It would not be sitting
They would not be sitting
Вопрос
Would he be sitting?
Would she be sitting?
Would it be sitting?
Sit in conditional perfect
Утверждение
He would have sat
She would have sat
It would have sat
Отрицание
He would not have sat
She would not have sat
It would not have sat
Вопрос
Would he have sat?
Would she have sat?
Would it have sat?
Sit in conditional perfect progressive
Утверждение
I would have been sitting
You would have been sitting
He would have been sitting
She would have been sitting
It would have been sitting
We would have been sitting
You would have been sitting
They would have been sitting
Отрицание
I would not have been sitting
You would not have been sitting
He would not have been sitting
She would not have been sitting
It would not have been sitting
We would not have been sitting
You would not have been sitting
They would not have been sitting
Вопрос
Would I have been sitting?
Would you have been sitting?
Would he have been sitting?
Would she have been sitting?
Would it have been sitting?
Неправильные глаголы английского языка
Неправильные глаголы в грамматике английского языка — это глаголы, которые не соответствует обычным правилам для глагольных форм. Они также известны как «устойчивые» глаголы.
В английском языке глаголы являются нерегулярными или неправильными, если у них нет обычного окончания -ed в формах прошедшего времени (Past Simple) и (или) в причастии прошедшего времени (Past Participle). Именно этим они отличаются от регулярных или правильных глаголов.
Согласно Лонгмановской грамматике для студентов США, девять наиболее распространенных глаголов в английском языке — все неправильные:
say (говорить), get (получить), go (идти), know (знать), think (думать), see (видеть), make (делать), come (прийти), и take (взять).
Всего существует 180 основных базовых неправильных глаголов, остальные дополнительные глаголы являются производными от них:
do — undo — redo — overdo; bite — backbite и др.
Таблица неправильных глаголов с переводом и транскрипцией (три формы глагола):
Неопределенная форма глагола (Infinitive) | Вторая форма (Past Simple) | Третья форма (Past Participle) | Перевод | |
1 | abide [ə’baɪd] | abode [ə’bəud] | abode [ə’bəud] | пребывать, держаться |
2 | arise [ə’raɪz] | arose [ə’rəuz] | arisen [ə’rɪz(ə)n] | подняться, возникнуть |
3 | awake [ə’weɪk] | awoke [ə’wəuk] | awaked [ə’weɪk] | будить, проснуться |
4 | backbite [ˈbækbaɪt] | backbit [ˈbækbɪt] | backbitten [ˈbækbɪtən] | клеветать |
5 | backslide [ˈbæksˌlaɪd] | backslid [ˈbækˌslɪd] | backslid [ˈbækˌslɪd] | отпадать |
6 | be [bi:] | was [wɔz]; were [wз:] | been [bi:n] | быть, нести, родить |
7 | bear [beə] | bore [bɔː] | born [bɔːn] | родить |
8 | beat [bi:t] | beat [bi:t] | beaten [‘bi:tn] | бить |
9 | become [bi:kʌm] | became [bi:keim] | become [bi:kʌm] | стать, сделаться |
10 | befall [bɪ’fɔːl] | befell [bɪ’fel] | befallen [bɪ’fɔːlən] | случиться |
11 | beget [bɪˈɡet] | begot, begat [bəˈɡat] | begot, begotten [bɪˈɡɑːtn] | порождать |
12 | begin [bi’gin] | began [bi’gæn] | begun [bi’gʌn] | начать |
13 | behold [bɪ’həuld] | beheld [bɪ’held] | beheld [bɪ’held] | видеть, созерцать |
14 | bend [bend] | bent [bent] | bent [bent] | гнуть |
15 | bereave [bɪˈriːv] | bereft, bereaved | bereft, bereaved | лишать |
16 | beseech [bɪ’siːʧ] | besought [bɪ’sɔːt] | besought [bɪ’sɔːt] | умолять, упрашивать |
17 | beset [bɪ’set] | beset [bɪ’set] | beset [bɪ’set] | осаждать |
18 | bespeak [bɪˈspiːk] | bespoke | bespoke, bespoken | заказывать |
19 | bestride [bɪˈstraɪd] | bestrode | bestridden | садиться, сидеть верхом |
20 | bet [bet] | bet [bet] | bet [bet] | держать пари |
21 | betake [bɪˈteɪk] | betook | betaken | приниматься, отправляться |
22 | bid [bɪd] | bid [bɪd] | bid [bɪd] | велеть, просить |
23 | bind [baɪnd] | bound [baund] | bound [baund] | связать |
24 | bite [baɪt] | bit [bɪt] | bitten [‘bɪtn] | кусать |
25 | bleed [bliːd] | bled [bled] | bled [bled] | кровоточить |
26 | bless [bles] | blessed | blessed, blest | благословлять |
27 | blow [bləu] | blew [bluː] | blown [bləun] | дуть |
28 | break [breɪk] | broke [brəuk] | broken [‘brəuk(ə)n] | ломать |
29 | breed [briːd] | bred [bred] | bred [bred] | выращивать, разводить |
30 | bring [brɪŋ] | brought [brɔːt] | brought [brɔːt] | принести |
31 | broadcast [‘brɔːdkɑːst] | broadcast [‘brɔːdkɑːst] | broadcast [‘brɔːdkɑːst] | вещать (ТВ, радио) |
32 | browbeat [ˈbraʊbiːt] | browbeat | browbeaten | запугивать |
33 | build [bɪld] | built [bɪlt] | built [bɪlt] | строить |
34 | burn [bɜːn] | burnt [bɜːnt] | burnt [bɜːnt] | жечь, гореть |
35 | burst [bɜːst] | burst [bɜːst] | burst [bɜːst] | разразиться, взорваться |
36 | bust [bʌst] | bust, busted | bust, busted | разжаловать, уничтожить |
37 | buy [baɪ] | bought [bɔːt] | bought [bɔːt] | купить |
38 | can [kæn] | could [kud] | could [kud] | мочь, уметь |
39 | cast [kɑːst] | cast [kɑːst] | cast [kɑːst] | кинуть, лить металл |
40 | catch [kæʧ] | caught [kɔːt] | caught [kɔːt] | ловить, поймать |
41 | choose [ʧuːz] | chose [tʃoʊz] | chosen [‘ʧəuz(ə)n] | выбрать |
42 | cling [klɪŋ] | clung [klʌŋ] | clung [klʌŋ] | прилипать, цепляться |
43 | cleave [kliːv] | cleft [kleft] | cloven [‘kləuv(ə)n] | раскалывать, рассекать |
44 | clothe [kləuð] | clothed [kləʊðd] | clothed [kləʊðd] | одеть, одевать |
45 | come [kʌm] | came [keɪm] | come [kʌm] | приходить |
46 | cost [kɒst] | cost [kɒst] | cost [kɒst] | оценивать, стоить |
47 | countersink [ˈkaʊntəsɪŋk] | countersank | countersunk | зенковать |
48 | creep [kriːp] | crept [krept] | crept [krept] | ползти |
49 | cut [kʌt] | cut [kʌt] | cut [kʌt] | резать |
50 | dare [deə] | durst [dɜːst] | dared [deəd] | сметь |
51 | deal [diːl] | dealt [delt] | dealt [delt] | иметь дело |
52 | dig [dɪɡ] | dug [dʌɡ] | dug [dʌɡ] | копать |
53 | dive [daɪv] | dove [dʌv] | dived [daɪvd] | нырять, погружаться |
54 | do/does [dʌz] | did [dɪd] | done [dʌn] | делать |
55 | draw [drɔː] | drew [druː] | drawn [drɔːn] | тащить, рисовать |
56 | dream [driːm] | dreamt [dremt] | dreamt [dremt] | грезить, мечтать |
57 | drink [drɪŋk] | drank [dræŋk] | drunk [drʌŋk] | пить, выпить |
58 | drive [draɪv] | drove [drəʊv] | driven [ˈdrɪvn̩] | гнать, ехать |
59 | dwell [dwel] | dwelt [dwelt] | dwelt [dwelt] | обитать, задерживаться |
60 | eat [iːt] | ate [et] | eaten [ˈiːtn̩] | кушать, есть |
61 | fall [fɔːl] | fell [fel] | fallen [ˈfɔːlən] | падать |
62 | feed [fiːd] | fed [fed] | fed [fed] | кормить |
63 | feel [fiːl] | felt [felt] | felt [felt] | чувствовать |
64 | fight [faɪt] | fought [ˈfɔːt ] | fought [ˈfɔːt ] | сражаться, драться |
65 | find [faɪnd] | found [faʊnd] | found [faʊnd] | находить |
66 | fit [fɪt] | fit [fɪt] | fit [fɪt] | подходить, годиться |
67 | flee [fliː] | fled [fled] | fled [fled] | бежать, спасаться |
68 | fling [flɪŋ] | flung [flʌŋ] | flung [flʌŋ] | бросить |
69 | fly [flaɪ] | flew [fluː] | flown [fləʊn] | летать |
70 | forbear [fɔːrˈber] | forbore | forborne | воздерживаться |
71 | forbid [fəˈbɪd] | forbade [fəˈbæd] | forbidden [fəˈbɪdn̩] | запретить |
72 | forecast [ˈfɔːkɑːst] | forecast; forecasted [ˈfɔːkɑːstɪd] | forecast; forecasted [ˈfɔːkɑːstɪd] | предсказывать |
73 | foresee [fɔːrˈsiː] | foresaw | foreseen | предвидеть |
74 | foretell [fɔːrˈtel] | foretold | foretold | предсказывать |
75 | forget [fəˈɡet] | forgot [fəˈɡɒt] | forgotten [fəˈɡɒtn̩] | забыть |
76 | forego [fɔːˈɡəʊ] | forewent [fɔːˈwent] | foregone [fɔːˈɡɒn] | отказываться, воздерживаться |
77 | forgive [fəˈɡɪv] | forgave [fəˈɡeɪv] | forgiven [fəˈɡɪvn̩] | простить |
78 | forsake [fəˈseɪk] | forsook [fəˈsʊk] | forsaken [fəˈseɪkən] | покидать |
79 | forswear [fɔːrˈswer] | forswore | forsworn | отрекаться |
80 | freeze [friːz] | froze [frəʊz] | frozen [ˈfrəʊzən] | замерзнуть, замораживать |
81 | gainsay [ˌɡeɪnˈseɪ] | gainsaid | gainsaid | отрицать, противоречить |
82 | get [ˈɡet] | got [ˈɡɒt] | got [ˈɡɒt] | получить |
83 | gild [ɡɪld] | gilt [ɡɪlt]; gilded [ˈɡɪldɪd] | gilt [ɡɪlt]; gilded [ˈɡɪldɪd] | позолотить |
84 | gird [ɡɜːrd] | girded, girt | girded, girt | опоясывать |
85 | give [ɡɪv] | gave [ɡeɪv] | given [ɡɪvn̩] | дать |
86 | go/goes [ɡəʊz] | went [ˈwent] | gone [ɡɒn] | идти, уходить |
87 | grind [ɡraɪnd] | ground [ɡraʊnd] | ground [ɡraʊnd] | точить, молоть |
88 | grow [ɡrəʊ] | grew [ɡruː] | grown [ɡrəʊn] | расти |
89 | hang [hæŋ] | hung [hʌŋ]; hanged [hæŋd] | hung [hʌŋ]; hanged [hæŋd] | висеть, повесить |
90 | have [hæv] | had [hæd] | had [hæd] | иметь |
91 | hear [hɪə] | heard [hɜːd] | heard [hɜːd] | слушать |
92 | hew [hjuː] | hewed [hjuːd] | hewed [hjuːd]; hewn [hjuːn] | рубить, тесать |
93 | hide [haɪd] | hid [hɪd] | hidden [ˈhɪdn̩] | прятать(ся) |
94 | hit [hɪt] | hit [hɪt] | hit [hɪt] | ударить, попасть |
95 | hold [həʊld] | held [held] | held [held] | держать |
96 | hurt [hɜːt] | hurt [hɜːt] | hurt [hɜːt] | причинить боль |
97 | inlay [ˌɪnˈleɪ] | inlaid | inlaid | вкладывать, выстилать |
98 | input [ˈɪnpʊt] | input, inputted | input, inputted | входить |
99 | inset [ˈɪnset] | inset | inset | вставлять, вкладывать |
100 | interweave [ˌɪntərˈwiːv] | interwove | interwoven | вплести, воткать |
101 | keep [kiːp] | kept [kept ] | kept [kept ] | хранить |
102 | kneel [niːl] | knelt [nelt]; kneeled [niːld] | knelt [nelt]; kneeled [niːld] | становиться на колени |
103 | knit [nɪt] | knit [nɪt]; knitted [ˈnɪtɪd] | knit [nɪt]; knitted [ˈnɪtɪd] | вязать |
104 | know [nəʊ] | knew [njuː] | known [nəʊn] | знать |
105 | lay [leɪ] | laid [leɪd ] | laid [leɪd ] | класть, положить |
106 | lead [liːd] | led [led] | led [led] | вести |
107 | lean [liːn] | leant [lent]; leaned [liːnd] | leant [lent]; leaned [liːnd] | опереться, прислониться |
108 | leap [liːp] | leapt [lept]; leaped [liːpt] | leapt [lept]; leaped [liːpt] | прыгать |
109 | learn [lɜːn] | learnt [lɜːnt]; learned [lɜːnd] | learnt [lɜːnt]; learned [lɜːnd] | учить |
110 | leave [liːv] | left [left] | left [left] | оставить |
111 | lend [lend] | lent [lent] | lent [lent] | одолжить |
112 | let [let] | let [let] | let [let] | пустить, дать |
113 | lie [laɪ] | lay [leɪ] | lain [leɪn] | лежать |
114 | light [laɪt] | lit [lɪt]; lighted [ˈlaɪtɪd] | lit [lɪt]; lighted [ˈlaɪtɪd] | осветить |
115 | lose [luːz] | lost [lɒst] | lost [lɒst] | терять |
116 | make [ˈmeɪk] | made [ˈmeɪd] | made [ˈmeɪd] | делать |
117 | may [meɪ] | might [maɪt] | might [maɪt] | мочь, иметь возможность |
118 | mean [miːn] | meant [ment] | meant [ment] | подразумевать |
119 | meet [miːt] | met [met] | met [met] | встретить |
120 | miscast [ˌmɪsˈkæst] | miscast | miscast | неправильно распределять роли |
121 | mishear [ˌmɪsˈhɪə] | misheard [ˌmɪsˈhɪə] | misheard [ˌmɪsˈhɪə] | ослышаться |
122 | mishit [ˈmɪshɪt] | mishit | mishit | промахнуться |
123 | mislay [ˌmɪsˈleɪ] | mislaid | mislaid | класть не на место |
124 | mislead [ˌmɪsˈliːd] | misled | misled | ввести в заблуждение |
125 | misread [ˌmɪsˈriːd] | misread | misread | неправильно истолковывать |
126 | misspell [ˌmɪsˈspel] | misspelt, misspeled | misspelt, misspeled | писать с ошибками |
127 | misspend [ˌmɪsˈspend] | misspent | misspent | экономить |
128 | mistake [mɪˈsteɪk] | mistook | mistaken | неправильно понимать |
129 | misunderstand [ˌmɪsʌndərˈstænd] | misunderstood | misunderstood | неправильно понимать |
130 | mow [moʊ] | mowed | mown | косить |
131 | outbid [ˌaʊtˈbɪd] | outbid | outbid | перебивать цену |
132 | outdo [ˌaʊtˈduː] | outdid | outdone | превосходить |
133 | outfight [ˌaʊtˈfaɪt] | outfought | outfought | побеждать (в бою) |
134 | outgrow [ˌaʊtˈɡroʊ] | outgrew | outgrown | вырастать из |
135 | output [ˈaʊtpʊt] | output, outputted | output, outputted | выдавать, производить |
136 | outrun [ˌaʊtˈrʌn] | outran | outrun | перегонять, опережать |
137 | outsell [ˌaʊtˈsel] | outsold | outsold | продавать лучше или дороже |
138 | outshine [ˌaʊtˈʃaɪn] | outshone | outshone | затмевать |
139 | overbid [ˌoʊvəˈbɪd] | overbid | overbid | повелевать |
140 | overcome [ˌoʊvərˈkʌm] | overcame | overcome | компенсировать |
141 | overdo [ˌoʊvərˈduː] | overdid | overdone | делать что-либо излишне, чрезмерно |
142 | overdraw [ˌoʊvərˈdrɔː] | overdrew | overdrawn | превышать |
143 | overeat [ˌoʊvərˈiːt] | overate | overeaten | объедаться |
144 | overfly [ˌoʊvərˈflaɪ] | overflew | overflown | перелетать |
145 | overhang [ˌoʊvərˈhæŋ] | overhung | overhung | нависать |
146 | overhear [ˌoʊvərˈhɪr] | overheard | overheard | подслушивать |
147 | overlay [ˌoʊvərˈleɪ] | overlaid | overlaid | покрывать |
148 | overpay [ˌoʊvərˈpeɪ] | overpaid | overpaid | переплачивать |
149 | override [ˌoʊvərˈraɪd] | overrode | overridden | отвергать, отклонять |
150 | overrun [ˈoʊvərʌn] | overran | overrun | переливаться через край |
151 | oversee [ˌoʊvərˈsiː] | oversaw | overseen | надзирать за |
152 | overshoot [ˌoʊvərˈʃuːt] | overshot | overshot | расстрелять |
153 | oversleep [ˌoʊvərˈsliːp] | overslept | overslept | проспать |
154 | overtake [ˌoʊvərˈteɪk] | overtook | overtaken | догонять |
155 | overthrow [ˌoʊvərˈθroʊ] | overthrew | overthrown | свергать |
156 | partake [pɑːrˈteɪk] | partook | partaken | вкушать |
157 | pay [peɪ] | paid [peɪd] | paid [peɪd] | платить |
158 | plead [pliːd] | pleaded, pled | pleaded, pled | обращаться к суду |
159 | prepay [priˈpeɪ] | prepaid | prepaid | платить вперед |
160 | prove [pruːv] | proved | proved, proven | доказывать, оказаться |
161 | put [pʊt] | put [pʊt] | put [pʊt] | класть |
162 | quit [kwɪt] | quit, quitted | quit, quitted | покидать, оставлять |
163 | read [ri:d] | read [red] | read [red] | читать |
164 | rebind [ˌriːˈbaɪnd] | rebound | rebound | перевязывать |
165 | rebuild [ˌriːˈbɪld] | rebuilt | rebuilt | перестроить |
166 | recast [ˌriːˈkæst] | recast | recast | видоизменять, преобразовывать |
167 | redo [ˌriːˈduː] | redid | redone | повторять сделанное |
168 | rehear [ˌriːˈhɪr] | reheard | reheard | слушать вторично |
169 | remake [ˈriːmeɪk] | remade | remade | переделывать |
170 | rend [rend] | rent | rent | раздирать |
171 | repay [rɪˈpeɪ] | repaid | repaid | отдавать долг |
172 | rerun [ˈriːrʌn] | reran | rerun | выполнять повторно |
173 | resell [ˌriːˈsel] | resold | resold | перепродавать |
174 | reset [ˌriːˈset] | reset | reset | возвращать |
175 | resit [ˈriːsɪt] | resat | resat | пересиживать |
176 | retake [ˌriːˈteɪk] | retook | retaken | забирать |
177 | retell [ˌriːˈtel] | retold | retold | пересказывать |
178 | rewrite [ˈriːraɪt] | rewrote | rewritten | переписать |
179 | rid [rɪd] | rid, ridded | rid, ridded | избавлять |
180 | ride [raɪd] | rode [roud] | ridden [‘rɪdn] | ездить верхом |
181 | ring [rɪŋ] | rang [ræŋ] | rung [rʌŋ] | звонить |
182 | rise [raɪz] | rose [rouz] | risen [‘rɪzən] | подняться |
183 | rive [raɪv] | rived | riven | расщеплять |
184 | run [rʌn] | ran [ræn] | run [rʌn] | бежать, течь |
185 | saw [sɔː] | sawed | sawn, sawed | пилить |
186 | say [seɪ] | said [sed] | said [sed] | говорить, сказать |
187 | see [si:] | saw [sɔ:] | seen [si:n] | видеть |
188 | seek [siːk] | sought | sought | искать |
189 | sell [sel] | sold [sould] | sold [sould] | продавать |
190 | send [send] | sent [sent] | sent [sent] | послать |
191 | set [set] | set [set] | set [set] | устанавливать |
192 | sew [soʊ] | sewed | sewed, sewn | шить |
193 | shake [ʃeɪk] | shook [ʃʊk] | shaken [‘ʃeɪkən] | трясти |
194 | shave [ʃeɪv] | shaved | shaved, shaven | брить |
195 | shear [ʃɪr] | sheared | shorn, sheared | стричь |
196 | shed [ʃed] | shed | shed | проливать |
197 | shine [ʃaɪn] | shone [ʃoun], shined | shone [ʃoun], shined | светить, сиять |
198 | shoe [ʃuː] | shod | shod | обувать, подковывать |
199 | shoot [ʃu:t] | shot [ʃɒt] | shot [ʃɒt] | стрелять, давать побеги |
200 | show [ʃou] | showed [ʃoud] | shown [ʃoun], showed | показывать |
201 | shrink [ʃrɪŋk] | shrank, shrunk | shrunk | сокращаться, сжиматься, отпрянуть |
202 | shrive [ʃraɪv] | shrove, shrived | shriven, shrived | исповедовать |
203 | shut [ʃʌt] | shut [ʃʌt] | shut [ʃʌt] | закрывать |
204 | sing [sɪŋ] | sang [sæŋ] | sung [sʌŋ] | петь |
205 | sink [sɪŋk] | sank [sæŋk] | sunk [sʌŋk] | тонуть |
206 | sit [sɪt] | sat [sæt] | sat [sæt] | сидеть |
207 | slay [sleɪ] | slew | slain | убивать |
208 | sleep [sli:p] | slept [slept] | slept [slept] | спать |
209 | slide [slaɪd] | slid | slid | скользить |
210 | sling [slɪŋ] | slung | slung | швырять, подвешивать |
211 | slink [slɪŋk] | slunk | slunk | идти крадучись |
212 | slit [slɪt] | slit | slit | раздирать, разрезать (вдоль) |
213 | smell [smel] | smelt [smelt], smelled | smelt [smelt], smelled | пахнуть, нюхать |
214 | smite [smaɪt] | smote | smitten | ударять, разбивать |
215 | sow [soʊ] | sowed | sowed, sown | сеять |
216 | speak [spi:k] | spoke [spouk] | spoken [‘spoukən] | говорить |
217 | speed [spiːd] | sped, speeded | sped, speeded | ускорять, спешить |
218 | spell [spel] | spelt [spelt], spelled | spelt [spelt], spelled | писать или читать по буквам |
219 | spend [spend] | spent | spent | тратить, проводить |
220 | spill [spɪl] | spilt [spɪlt], spilled | spilt [spɪlt], spilled | пролить |
221 | spin [spɪn] | spun, span | spun | прясть |
222 | spit [spɪt] | spat [spæt], spit | spat [spæt], spit | плевать |
223 | split [splɪt] | split [splɪt] | split [splɪt] | расщепить |
224 | spoil [spoɪl] | spoilt [spoɪlt], spoiled | spoilt [spoɪlt], spoiled | портить |
225 | spotlight [ˈspɑːtlaɪt] | spotlit, spotlighted | spotlit, spotlighted | осветить |
226 | spread [spred] | spread | spread | распростра- няться |
227 | spring [ˈsprɪŋ] | sprang | sprung | скакать, пружинить |
228 | stand [stænd] | stood [stʊd] | stood [stʊd] | стоять |
229 | steal [sti:l] | stole [stoul] | stolen [‘stoulən] | украсть |
230 | stick [stɪk] | stuck | stuck | уколоть, приклеить |
231 | sting [stɪŋ] | stung | stung | ужалить |
232 | stink [stɪŋk] | stank, stunk | stunk | вонять |
233 | strew [struː] | strewed | strewn, strewed | усеять, устлать |
234 | stride [straɪd] | strode | stridden | шагать |
235 | strike [straɪk] | struck [strʌk] | struck [strʌk] | ударить, бить, бастовать |
236 | string [ˈstrɪŋ] | strung | strung | нанизать, натянуть |
237 | strive [straɪv] | strove | striven | стараться |
238 | sublet [ˌsʌbˈlet] | sublet | sublet | передавать в субаренду |
239 | swear [swer] | swore | sworn | клясться, браниться |
240 | sweep [swiːp] | swept | swept | мести, промчаться |
241 | swell [swel] | swelled | swollen, swelled | вздуться |
242 | swim [swɪm] | swam [swæm] | swum [swæm] | плыть |
243 | swing [swɪŋ] | swung | swung | качаться |
244 | take [teɪk] | took [tʊk] | taken [‘teɪkən] | взять, брать |
245 | teach [ti:tʃ] | taught [tɔ:t] | taught [tɔ:t] | учить |
246 | tear [teər] | tore [tɔr] | torn [tɔrn] | рвать |
247 | tell [tel] | told [tould] | told [tould] | рассказывать, сказать |
248 | think [θɪŋk] | thought [θɔ:t] | thought [θɔ:t] | думать |
249 | thrive [θraɪv] | throve, trived | thriven, trived | процветать |
250 | throw [θrou] | threw [θru:] | thrown [θroun] | бросить |
251 | thrust [θrʌst] | thrust | thrust | толкнуть, сунуть |
252 | tread [tred] | trod | trod, trodden | ступать |
253 | unbend [ˌʌnˈbend] | unbent | unbent | разогнуть |
254 | underbid [ˌʌndərˈbɪd] | underbid | underbid | снижать цену |
255 | undercut [ˌʌndərˈkʌt] | undercut | undercut | сбивать цены |
256 | undergo [ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ] | underwent | undergone | проходить, подвергаться |
257 | underlie [ˌʌndərˈlaɪ] | underlay | underlain | лежать в основе |
258 | underpay [ˌʌndərˈpeɪ] | underpaid | underpaid | оплачивать слишком низко |
259 | undersell [ˌʌndərˈsel] | undersold | undersold | продавать дешевле |
260 | understand [ʌndər’stænd] | understood [ʌndər’stʊd] | understood [ʌndər’stʊd] | понимать |
261 | undertake [ˌʌndərˈteɪk] | undertook | undertaken | предпринять |
262 | underwrite [ˌʌndərˈraɪt] | underwrote | underwritten | подписывать |
263 | undo [ʌnˈduː] | undid | undone | уничтожать сделанное |
264 | unfreeze [ˌʌnˈfriːz] | unfroze | unfrozen | размораживать |
265 | unsay [ənˈseɪ] | unsaid | unsaid | брать назад свои слова |
266 | unwind [ˌʌnˈwaɪnd] | unwound | unwound | развертывать |
267 | uphold [ʌpˈhoʊld] | upheld | upheld | поддерживать |
268 | upset [ʌpˈset] | upset | upset | опрокинуть, огорчить |
269 | wake [weɪk] | woke [wouk], waked | woken [‘woukən], waked | просыпаться, будить |
270 | waylay [weɪˈleɪ] | waylaid | waylaid | подстерегать |
271 | wear [weər] | wore [wɔr] | worn [wɔrn] | носить (одежду) |
272 | weave [wiːv] | wove, weaved | woven, weaved | ткать |
273 | wed [wed] | wed, wedded | wed, wedded | выдавать замуж |
274 | weep [wiːp] | wept | wept | плакать |
275 | wet [wet] | wet, wetted | wet, wetted | мочить, увлажнять |
276 | win [wɪn] | won [wʌn] | won [wʌn] | выиграть |
277 | wind [wɪnd] | wound | wound | заводить (механизм) |
278 | withdraw [wɪðˈdrɔː] | withdrew | withdrawn | взять назад, отозвать |
279 | withhold [wɪðˈhoʊld] | withheld | withheld | удерживать |
280 | withstand [wɪðˈstænd] | withstood | withstood | противиться |
281 | wring [rɪŋ] | wrung | wrung | скрутить, сжать |
282 | write [raɪt] | wrote [rout] | written [‘rɪtn] | писать |
Большинство английских глаголов следуют стандартным правилам:
- Today I try. (сегодня я пытаюсь)
- Yesterday I tried (вчера я пытался)
Прошедшее время (вторая и третья формы глагола) образуется при помощи стандартного -ed! Все очень просто!
Неправильные же глаголы не подчиняются никаким схемам, и для них не существует никаких правил, поэтому их необходимо просто запомнить.
Основные способы образования II и III форм неправильных глаголов | ||||
№ | Способ образования | Infinitive | Past Simple | Past Participle |
1 | Изменение корневой гласной формы инфинитива | to come to begin | came began | come begun |
2 | Изменение корневой гласной и добавление окончания | to break to give | broke gave | broken given |
3 | Изменение окончания формы инфинитива | to spend to send | spent sent | spent sent |
4 | Все три формы неправильного глагола одинаковы | to put to cost | put cost | put cost |
5 | Вторая и третья формы одинаковы и содержат краткий гласный [e] | to feel to leave | felt left | felt left |
На самом деле, много лет назад в древнеанглийском языке было, как минимум, в два раза больше неправильных глаголов. За многие столетия эти глаголы изменились и сегодня английский является гораздо более простым современным языком.
Представьте себе игру с испорченным телефоном, когда люди, сидящие по кругу, говорят друг другу на ухо предложение. Это предложение, пройдя по кругу, каждый раз меняется и становится по форме совсем не похожим на изначальное, хотя по смыслу они совпадают.
Как считает известный популяризатор науки и профессор лингвистики в Гарварде Стивен Пинкер: «каждый раз, когда мы используем неправильный глагол, мы продолжаем эту игру». Иными словами — это испорченный телефон, который длится более пяти тысяч лет.
Топ 100 неправильных глаголов:
Источник статьи: http://englishmore.ru/irregular-verbs/nepravilnye-glagoly-angliyskogo-yazyka