Спряжение глагола «to speak» (Английский язык)
Глагол to speak – неправильный глагол в английском языке, в переводе на русский означает: говорить, разговаривать, изъясняться;; сказать; высказывать; отзываться; произносить речь, выступать.
Infinitive | to speak |
---|---|
Simple past | spoke |
Past participle | spoken |
-s | speaks |
-ing | speaking |
Speak in present simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He does not speak
She does not speak
It does not speak
Вопрос
Does he speak?
Does she speak?
Does it speak?
Speak in present continuous
Утверждение
He is speaking
She is speaking
It is speaking
Отрицание
He is not speaking
She is not speaking
It is not speaking
Вопрос
Is he speaking?
Is she speaking?
Is it speaking?
Speak in present perfect
Утверждение
He has spoken
She has spoken
It has spoken
Отрицание
He has not spoken
She has not spoken
It has not spoken
Вопрос
Has he spoken?
Has she spoken?
Has it spoken?
Speak in present perfect continuous
Утверждение
He has been speaking
She has been speaking
It has been speaking
Отрицание
You have not been speaking
He has not been speaking
She has not been speaking
It has not been speaking
We have not been speaking
You have not been speaking
They have not been speaking
Вопрос
Has he been speaking?
Has she been speaking?
Has it been speaking?
Speak in past simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He did not speak
She did not speak
It did not speak
Вопрос
Did he speak?
Did she speak?
Did it speak?
Speak in past continuous
Утверждение
He was speaking
She was speaking
It was speaking
Отрицание
He was not speaking
She was not speaking
It was not speaking
Вопрос
Was he speaking?
Was she speaking?
Was it speaking?
Speak in past perfect
Утверждение
He had spoken
She had spoken
It had spoken
Отрицание
He had not spoken
She had not spoken
It had not spoken
Вопрос
Had he spoken?
Had she spoken?
Had it spoken?
Speak in past perfect continuous
Утверждение
He had been speaking
She had been speaking
It had been speaking
Отрицание
You had not been speaking
He had not been speaking
She had not been speaking
It had not been speaking
You had not been speaking
They had not been speaking
Вопрос
Had he been speaking?
Had she been speaking?
Had it been speaking?
Speak in future simple
Утверждение
He will speak
She will speak
It will speak
Отрицание
He will not speak
She will not speak
It will not speak
Вопрос
Will he speak?
Will she speak?
Will it speak?
Speak in future continuous
Утверждение
He will be speaking
She will be speaking
It will be speaking
Отрицание
He will not be speaking
She will not be speaking
It will not be speaking
They will not be speaking
Вопрос
Will he be speaking?
Will she be speaking?
Will it be speaking?
Speak in future perfect
Утверждение
He will have spoken
She will have spoken
It will have spoken
Отрицание
He will not have spoken
She will not have spoken
It will not have spoken
They will not have spoken
Вопрос
Will he have spoken?
Will she have spoken?
Will it have spoken?
Speak in future perfect continuous
Утверждение
I will have been speaking
You will have been speaking
He will have been speaking
She will have been speaking
It will have been speaking
We will have been speaking
You will have been speaking
They will have been speaking
Отрицание
I will not have been speaking
You will not have been speaking
He will not have been speaking
She will not have been speaking
It will not have been speaking
We will not have been speaking
You will not have been speaking
They will not have been speaking
Вопрос
Will I have been speaking?
Will you have been speaking?
Will he have been speaking?
Will she have been speaking?
Will it have been speaking?
Will we have been speaking?
Will you have been speaking?
Will they have been speaking?
Speak in conditional present
Утверждение
He would speak
She would speak
It would speak
Отрицание
He would not speak
She would not speak
It would not speak
Вопрос
Would he speak?
Would she speak?
Would it speak?
Speak in conditional present progressive
Утверждение
He would be speaking
She would be speaking
It would be speaking
Отрицание
You would not be speaking
He would not be speaking
She would not be speaking
It would not be speaking
You would not be speaking
They would not be speaking
Вопрос
Would he be speaking?
Would she be speaking?
Would it be speaking?
Speak in conditional perfect
Утверждение
He would have spoken
She would have spoken
It would have spoken
Отрицание
You would not have spoken
He would not have spoken
She would not have spoken
It would not have spoken
You would not have spoken
They would not have spoken
Вопрос
Would he have spoken?
Would she have spoken?
Would it have spoken?
Speak in conditional perfect progressive
Утверждение
I would have been speaking
You would have been speaking
He would have been speaking
She would have been speaking
It would have been speaking
We would have been speaking
You would have been speaking
They would have been speaking
Отрицание
I would not have been speaking
You would not have been speaking
He would not have been speaking
She would not have been speaking
It would not have been speaking
We would not have been speaking
You would not have been speaking
They would not have been speaking
Вопрос
Would I have been speaking?
Would you have been speaking?
Would he have been speaking?
Would she have been speaking?
Would it have been speaking?
Правильные и неправильные глаголы английского языка: regular and irregular verbs
Глагол занимает центральное место в любом предложении в английском языке. Поэтому так важно уделить особое внимание этой части речи.
Все глаголы в английском можно разделить на 2 группы: правильные и неправильные. Мы используем формы правильных и неправильных глаголов в прошедшем времени (Past Simple) и во временах группы Perfect (например, Present Perfect). В чем же разница между правильными и неправильными глаголами английского языка?
Правильные глаголы в английском языке: regular verbs
Правильные глаголы в английском языке (regular verbs) – глаголы, у которых форма прошедшего времени образуется путем прибавления окончания -ed к основе. Например:
Чтобы правильно добавить окончание -ed к глаголу, нужно учитывать несколько правил.
- Если глагол заканчивается на непроизносимую -e, тогда прибавляем только букву -d:
- improve (улучшать) – improved (улучшал);
- like (нравиться) – liked (нравился).
- Окончание -ed произносится как /t/, если глагол заканчивается на шипящую или глухую согласную:
- stop (остановиться) – stopped (остановился);
- polish (полировать) – polished (полировал).
Кстати, в коротких глаголах при добавлении -ed происходит удвоение последней согласной, как с глаголом stop.
- study (учиться) – studied (учился);
- travel (путешествовать) – travelled (путешествовал).
- report (сообщать) – reported (сообщил);
- pretend (притворяться) – pretended (притворялся).
Правильные глаголы английского языка не вызывают трудностей, так как правила их образования очень просты. Но на первых порах будет трудно самостоятельно отличить правильный глагол от неправильного. Поэтому мы советуем все глаголы проверять по нашей табличке: если глагола в ней нет, значит, он правильный.
Неправильные глаголы в английском языке: irregular verbs
Неправильные глаголы в английском языке (irregular verbs) отличаются тем, что они не по правилу образуют формы прошедшего времени. То есть не путем добавления к основе глагола окончания -ed. Они просто меняют свою форму (do – did – done). Таких глаголов много, но мы приведем список из 100+ неправильных глаголов английского языка, которые обязательны к изучению. Остальные вы сможете выучить, когда они вам понадобятся и когда основной список вы будете знать на зубок.
Таблица неправильных глаголов английского языка
В первом столбике таблицы вы увидите глаголы в той форме, в которой они встречаются в словаре, то есть это инфинитив (Infinitive). Второй столбик – глаголы во времени Past Simple. Глаголы из третьего столбика используйте во временах группы Perfect. И, конечно, все неправильные глаголы даны с переводом на русский, чтобы легче было запомнить слово.
Infinitive | Past Simple (V2) | Participle II (V3) | Перевод |
---|---|---|---|
arise | arose | arisen | подниматься |
awake | awoke | awoken | пробуждать |
be | was (were) | been | быть |
bear | bore | born | рожать, переносить |
beat | beat | beaten | бить |
become | became | become | становиться |
begin | began | begun | начинать |
bend | bent | bent | наклонять |
bet | bet | bet | заключать пари |
bind | bound | bound | связывать |
bite | bit | bitten | кусать |
bleed | bled | bled | кровоточить |
blow | blew | blown | дуть |
break | broke | broken | ломать |
breed | bred | bred | разводить животных |
bring | brought | brought | приносить |
build | built | built | строить |
buy | bought | bought | покупать |
catch | caught | caught | ловить |
choose | chose | chosen | выбирать |
cling | clung | clung | цепляться |
come | came | come | приходить |
cost | cost | cost | стоить |
cut | cut | cut | резать |
deal | dealt | dealt | вести дела |
dig | dug | dug | копать |
do | did | done | делать |
draw | drew | drawn | рисовать, тянуть |
drink | drank | drunk | пить |
drive | drove | driven | водить автомобиль |
eat | ate | eaten | кушать |
fall | fell | fallen | падать |
feed | fed | fed | кормить |
feel | felt | felt | чувствовать |
fight | fought | fought | бороться |
find | found | found | находить |
flee | fled | fled | сбегать |
fly | flew | flown | летать |
forbid | forbade | forbidden | запрещать |
forget | forgot | forgotten | забывать |
forgive | forgave | forgiven | прощать |
freeze | froze | frozen | замораживать |
get | got | got (gotten) | получать |
give | gave | given | давать |
go | went | gone | идти |
grow | grew | grown | расти |
hang | hung | hung | висеть |
have | had | had | иметь |
hear | heard | heard | слышать |
hide | hid | hidden | прятать |
hit | hit | hit | ударять, попадать |
hold | held | held | держать |
hurt | hurt | hurt | причинять боль |
keep | kept | kept | сохранять, соблюдать |
know | knew | known | знать |
lay | laid | laid | класть |
lead | led | led | вести, лидировать |
learn | learnt (learned) | learnt (learned) | учиться, узнавать |
leave | left | left | покидать, оставлять |
lend | lent | lent | давать взаймы |
let | let | let | позволять |
lie | lay | lain | лежать |
light | lit | lit | зажигать, освещать |
lose | lost | lost | терять |
make | made | made | делать, мастерить |
mean | meant | meant | значить |
meet | met | met | встречать, знакомиться |
pay | paid | paid | платить |
put | put | put | класть, ставить |
read | read | read | читать |
ride | rode | ridden | ездить верхом |
ring | rang | rung | звонить |
rise | rose | risen | возрастать, подниматься |
run | ran | run | бежать |
say | said | said | сказать |
see | saw | seen | видеть |
seek | sought | sought | искать |
sell | sold | sold | продавать |
send | sent | sent | посылать |
set | set | set | устанавливать |
shake | shook | shaken | трясти |
shine | shone | shone | светить, сиять |
shoot | shot | shot | стрелять |
show | showed | shown | показывать |
shrink | shrank | shrunk | сжиматься |
shut | shut | shut | закрывать, затворять |
sing | sang | sung | петь |
sit | sat | sat | сидеть |
sleep | slept | slept | спать |
slide | slid | slid | скользить |
smell | smelt | smelt | пахнуть, нюхать |
speak | spoke | spoken | говорить |
spell | spelt (spelled) | spelt (spelled) | произносить или писать по буквам |
spend | spent | spent | тратить, проводить время |
spill | spilt (spilled) | spilt (spilled) | разлить |
spin | spun | spun | крутить |
split | split | split | разделять, раскалывать |
spoil | spoilt (spoiled) | spoilt (spoiled) | портить |
spread | spread | spread | разворачивать, распространять |
stand | stood | stood | стоять |
steal | stole | stolen | воровать |
sting | stung | stung | жалить |
stink | stank | stunk | вонять |
strike | struck | struck | бастовать, ударять |
swear | swore | sworn | клясться, ругаться |
sweep | swept | swept | подметать |
swell | swelled | swollen (swelled) | опухать |
swim | swam | swum | плавать |
take | took | taken | брать |
teach | taught | taught | обучать |
tear | tore | torn | рвать |
tell | told | told | рассказывать |
think | thought | thought | думать |
throw | threw | thrown | бросать |
understand | understood | understood | понимать |
wake | woke | woken | будить |
wear | wore | worn | носить (одежду) |
win | won | won | побеждать |
wind | wound | wound | обматывать, изгибаться |
write | wrote | written | писать |
- Выучить все сто неправильных глаголов — непростая задача. Но у вас все получится, если вы воспользуетесь авторскими стихами от преподавателя Ирины в статье «Правильный подход к неправильным глаголам английского языка».
А еще вы, как всегда, можете сохранить нашу табличку себе и пользоваться ей в любое время.
Чувствуете уверенность в своих знаниях? Тогда предлагаем вам пройти тест и посмотреть, какие глаголы еще нужно повторять, а какие вы уже знаете наизусть.
Источник статьи: http://engblog.ru/regular-and-irregular-verbs