Употребление форм understand и understood в разлчиных временах
Глагол understand имеет всего две формы: understand и understood. Все из-за того, что он является одним из множества неправильных глаголов. Соответственно в первой форме это understand, а understood — во второй и третьей. Это следует просто запомнить, так как все формы неправильных глаголов особенные (в отличие от правильных, где вторая и третья формы всегда заканчиваются на -ed).
Past Tense
Рассмотрим формы understand и understood во всех четырех прошлых временах.
He understood the meaning of love. — Употребление в простом прошлом времени поменяло первую форму understand на understood во второй форме.
I was understanding him at that moment. — В прошлом продолжительном времени к первой форме understand добавилось окончание -ing и вспомогательный глагол was, что указывает на продолжительность действия в какой-то момент в прошлом.
Carla had already understood the teacher. — Преобразование understand в understood при Past Perfect происходит с добавлением вспомогательного глагола had, который указывает на то, что действие уже давно совершилось в прошлом. Заметьте, в данном случае understood стоит в третьей форме, хоть с виду и не отличается от второй.
Mike had been understanding her reasons until she made that fatal mistake. — Вспомогательный глагол had been и окончание -ing указывают на то, что действие некоторое время совершалось в прошлом и в прошлом же прекратилось.
Present Tense
Understand в настоящем времени грамматически немногим отличается от прошлого, только по смыслу.
Lisa understands English. — В простом настоящем времени этот глагол обозначает постоянное действие или просто факт. Окончание -s у первой формы показывает принадлежность к третьему лицу.
Jane is not understanding you now. — Вспомогательный глагол is и окончание -ing показывают, что действие происходит прямо сейчас.
I have already understood the book. — Здесь хоть глагол и стоит в третьей форме, время все равно настоящее, а действие завершилось только что, на что указывает вспомогательный глагол have (или has при третьем лице).
He has been understanding the rule since it changed the last time. — Вспомогательный глагол has been и окончание -ing отличают это время от прошлого продолжительного совершенного тем, что действие все еще продолжается.
Future Tense
У будущего времени есть уже некоторые другие отличия от прошлого и настоящего времен, которые отражаются в изменении вспомогательных модальных глаголов.
Ann promises she will understand him. — И вновь простая первая форма в простом будущем времени, добавился лишь модальный глагол will.
Maybe Kate will be understanding him next time he’ll be explaining it. — Старая схема со вспомогательным глаголом и окончанием -ing для обозначения продолжительного времени осталась, добавился лишь модальный глагол will, так как это будущее время.
Hope Jake will have understood Christa when she’ll end her story. — Это время уже сложнее, и для правильного его употребления рекомендуется наличие второго глагола в предложении. Will have и третья форма глагола показывают, что действие завершится к какому-то моменту в будущем.
Future Perfect Continuous:
They will have been understanding the meaning of life until they’ll disappoint in it. — Самое громоздкое время будущего совершенного продолжительного с тремя вспомогательными глаголами will have/has been и окончанием -ing тоже лучше употреблять с еще одной грамматической основой и глаголом в предложении для лучшего понимания.
Источник статьи: http://fb.ru/article/409571/upotreblenie-form-understand-i-understood-v-razlchinyih-vremenah
Спряжение глагола «to understand» (Английский язык)
Глагол to understand – неправильный глагол в английском языке, в переводе на русский означает: понимать; истолковывать, понимать; подразумевать.
| Infinitive | to understand |
|---|---|
| Simple past | understood |
| Past participle | understood |
| -s | understands |
| -ing | understanding |
Understand in present simple
Утверждение
He understands
She understands
It understands
Отрицание
He does not understand
She does not understand
It does not understand
Вопрос
Does he understand?
Does she understand?
Does it understand?
Understand in present continuous
Утверждение
He is understanding
She is understanding
It is understanding
Отрицание
You are not understanding
He is not understanding
She is not understanding
It is not understanding
You are not understanding
They are not understanding
Вопрос
Is he understanding?
Is she understanding?
Is it understanding?
Understand in present perfect
Утверждение
He has understood
She has understood
It has understood
Отрицание
He has not understood
She has not understood
It has not understood
Вопрос
Has he understood?
Has she understood?
Has it understood?
Understand in present perfect continuous
Утверждение
I have been understanding
You have been understanding
He has been understanding
She has been understanding
It has been understanding
We have been understanding
You have been understanding
They have been understanding
Отрицание
I have not been understanding
You have not been understanding
He has not been understanding
She has not been understanding
It has not been understanding
We have not been understanding
You have not been understanding
They have not been understanding
Вопрос
Have I been understanding?
Have you been understanding?
Has he been understanding?
Has she been understanding?
Has it been understanding?
Have we been understanding?
Have you been understanding?
Have they been understanding?
Understand in past simple
Утверждение
He understood
She understood
It understood
Отрицание
He did not understand
She did not understand
It did not understand
Вопрос
Did he understand?
Did she understand?
Did it understand?
Understand in past continuous
Утверждение
He was understanding
She was understanding
It was understanding
Отрицание
You were not understanding
He was not understanding
She was not understanding
It was not understanding
We were not understanding
You were not understanding
They were not understanding
Вопрос
Was he understanding?
Was she understanding?
Was it understanding?
Understand in past perfect
Утверждение
He had understood
She had understood
It had understood
Отрицание
He had not understood
She had not understood
It had not understood
Вопрос
Had he understood?
Had she understood?
Had it understood?
Understand in past perfect continuous
Утверждение
You had been understanding
He had been understanding
She had been understanding
It had been understanding
We had been understanding
You had been understanding
They had been understanding
Отрицание
I had not been understanding
You had not been understanding
He had not been understanding
She had not been understanding
It had not been understanding
We had not been understanding
You had not been understanding
They had not been understanding
Вопрос
Had you been understanding?
Had he been understanding?
Had she been understanding?
Had it been understanding?
Had we been understanding?
Had you been understanding?
Had they been understanding?
Understand in future simple
Утверждение
He will understand
She will understand
It will understand
Отрицание
He will not understand
She will not understand
It will not understand
Вопрос
Will he understand?
Will she understand?
Will it understand?
Understand in future continuous
Утверждение
You will be understanding
He will be understanding
She will be understanding
It will be understanding
You will be understanding
They will be understanding
Отрицание
I will not be understanding
You will not be understanding
He will not be understanding
She will not be understanding
It will not be understanding
We will not be understanding
You will not be understanding
They will not be understanding
Вопрос
Will you be understanding?
Will he be understanding?
Will she be understanding?
Will it be understanding?
Will you be understanding?
Will they be understanding?
Understand in future perfect
Утверждение
He will have understood
She will have understood
It will have understood
They will have understood
Отрицание
I will not have understood
You will not have understood
He will not have understood
She will not have understood
It will not have understood
We will not have understood
You will not have understood
They will not have understood
Вопрос
Will he have understood?
Will she have understood?
Will it have understood?
Will they have understood?
Understand in future perfect continuous
Утверждение
I will have been understanding
You will have been understanding
He will have been understanding
She will have been understanding
It will have been understanding
We will have been understanding
You will have been understanding
They will have been understanding
Отрицание
I will not have been understanding
You will not have been understanding
He will not have been understanding
She will not have been understanding
It will not have been understanding
We will not have been understanding
You will not have been understanding
They will not have been understanding
Вопрос
Will I have been understanding?
Will you have been understanding?
Will he have been understanding?
Will she have been understanding?
Will it have been understanding?
Will we have been understanding?
Will you have been understanding?
Will they have been understanding?
Understand in conditional present
Утверждение
He would understand
She would understand
It would understand
Отрицание
He would not understand
She would not understand
It would not understand
They would not understand
Вопрос
Would he understand?
Would she understand?
Would it understand?
Understand in conditional present progressive
Утверждение
You would be understanding
He would be understanding
She would be understanding
It would be understanding
We would be understanding
You would be understanding
They would be understanding
Отрицание
I would not be understanding
You would not be understanding
He would not be understanding
She would not be understanding
It would not be understanding
We would not be understanding
You would not be understanding
They would not be understanding
Вопрос
Would you be understanding?
Would he be understanding?
Would she be understanding?
Would it be understanding?
Would we be understanding?
Would you be understanding?
Would they be understanding?
Understand in conditional perfect
Утверждение
You would have understood
He would have understood
She would have understood
It would have understood
You would have understood
They would have understood
Отрицание
I would not have understood
You would not have understood
He would not have understood
She would not have understood
It would not have understood
We would not have understood
You would not have understood
They would not have understood
Вопрос
Would you have understood?
Would he have understood?
Would she have understood?
Would it have understood?
Would you have understood?
Would they have understood?
Understand in conditional perfect progressive
Утверждение
I would have been understanding
You would have been understanding
He would have been understanding
She would have been understanding
It would have been understanding
We would have been understanding
You would have been understanding
They would have been understanding
Отрицание
I would not have been understanding
You would not have been understanding
He would not have been understanding
She would not have been understanding
It would not have been understanding
We would not have been understanding
You would not have been understanding
They would not have been understanding
Вопрос
Would I have been understanding?
Would you have been understanding?
Would he have been understanding?
Would she have been understanding?
Would it have been understanding?